As Pirenne makes clear, as the merchant class grew in numbers and influence, they revolutionized the social structure of cities and led to the emergence of a rich, prosperous, and culturally vigorous urban culture that in Italy and France, in England and Belgium, and in Germany and the Netherlands, helped to set the stage for the Renaissance. He argues that as trade stagnated, cities in Europe lost their economic reason for existing and withered and that merchants emerged as a separate class, free of many of the political, legal, social, and economic restrictions that kept medieval society so changeless. Pirenne emphasizes the role of trade in both the decline of cities at the end of the Roman Empire and their subsequent re-emergence. Their wealth increased, a new kind of economic institution emerged – the guilds – and the populations of medieval cities began to grow. Then, beginning in the eleventh century, they began to grow in size and change in function. Western Europe descended into several centuries of what used to be called the Dark Ages.
First, what has become known as the Pirenne Thesis, concerning origins of the Middle Ages in reactive state formation and shifts in trade secondly, for a distinctive view of Belgium's medieval history and, thirdly, for his model on the development of the medieval city.In this selection from Medieval Cities (1925), noted medieval historian Henri Pirenne describes how, between the death of the emperor Justinian in 565 CE and the Renaissance, European cities’ functions changed totally from what they had been during the Roman Empire, and the cities withered in size to tiny shadows of their former selves. Henri Pirenne's reputation today rests on three contributions to European history. A History of Europe, Henri Pirenne Author, Henri Pirenne Edition, reprint Publisher, Doubleday Anchor Books, 1956. He also became prominent in the non-violent resistance to the Germans who occupied Belgium in World War I. Henri Pirenne Mohammed and Charlemagne Paperback by Henri Pirenne (Author) 109 ratings See all formats and editions Kindle 2.99 Read with Our Free App Hardcover 28.00 5 Used from 39.37 6 New from 28.00 Paperback 11.95 6 Used from 7.36 6 New from 11.95 1 Collectible from 41.68 2017 Reprint of 1939 Edition. Source: Wikipedia Henri Pirenne was a leading Belgian historian. First, what has become known as the Pirenne Thesis, concerning origins of the Middle Ages in reactive state formation and shifts in trade secondly, for a distinctive view of Belgium's medieval history and, thirdly, for his model on the development of the medieval city. By Henri Pirenne Edition 1st Edition First Published 2010 eBook Published 25 July 2010 Pub.
Henri Pirenne's reputation today rests on three contributions to European history. He also became prominent in the non-violent resistance to the Germans who occupied Belgium in World War I. Henri Pirenne was a leading Belgian historian.
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